Smart Fire System

This Arduino Smart Fire Detector is designed to detect signs of fire—specifically heat using a temperature sensor and a flame sensor. It’s a simple but effective way to simulate how real fire detection systems work, and it helps demonstrate how sensors, outputs, and code work together in an Arduino project.

Arduino Uno

LEDs

220Ω Resistors

Flame Detector

Piezo Buzzer

Temperature Sensor

Breadboard

Jumper Wires

1. Arduino Uno
2. The main microcontroller board that reads data from the sensors and controls the outputs (LEDs, buzzer, etc.).
3. Breadboard
4. A platform for building and testing the circuit without soldering. All components and wires are connected here.
5. LED
6. Indicates normal & unordinary conditions. Turns on and off when the system is in a safe and or not.
7. Piezo Buzzer
8. Produces a loud sound when fire or abnormal heat is detected, acting as an audible alarm.
9. Flame Sensor Module
10. Detects light in the infrared spectrum, which is commonly emitted by flames. Sends a signal to the Arduino when a flame is detected.
11. Temperature Sensor (TMP36)
12. Measures ambient temperature. The Arduino uses this reading to detect abnormal heat levels.
13. Resistors
14. Limit the current going to the LEDs to prevent damage. Each LED has its own resistor.
15. Jumper Wires
16. Used to connect all the components together, allowing signals and power to flow between the Arduino, sensors, and outputs.
17. USB Cable
18. Powers the Arduino and allows you to upload code from the computer.

LED's:

1. Red 1 → Pin 3
2. Red 2 → Pin 4
3. Green 1 → Pin 10

Buzzer:

1. Positive → Pin 7
2. Negative → GND

Temperature Sensor:

1. Positive → Positive
2. Negative → GND
3. Analog → A0

Flame Sensor:

1. DO → Pin 2
2. Positive → Positive
3. GND → Negative

A0 → A1

Code is designed to:

1. Detect fire
2. Trigger an alarm using:
3. An LED light (Red)
4. A buzzer
5. Temperature sensor
6. Flash lights until the fire is gone

How it works:

1. Sensors used: Temperature and flame sensor
2. Trigger condition: Detects fire in a certain distance close by

Sensor output: High (Fire) or Low (No fire)

Key variables:

How it works:

1. Sets heat temperature to a certain variable to know whats considered hot
2. Sets a certain temperature for room thats normal, anything above it is considered abnormal

Key variables:

How it works:

1. Reads temperature in serial monitor
2. Sets the assigned temperature to Celsius
3. When in serial monitor, it'll print both the flame and temperature values under each name

Key variables:

How it works:

1. When code starts, everything besides the green light will be set to off

Key variables:

How it works:

1. If a fire is detected, the green light will turn off and the buzzer will turn on in intervals
2. The red LED will flash on and off repeatedly under these conditions
3. If theres no fire, everything will be set to normal

This project taught me how to integrate multiple sensors into a single Arduino program and respond to different types of input. I also learned the importance of clean wiring for reliability.

Possible improvements:

1. Add an LCD screen to show temperature and flame status.
2. Include a GSM module to send SMS alerts.
3. Power the system with a rechargeable battery for portability.