Obstacle Avoiding Robot Using Arduino Nano

In this instructable, I am going to describe how you can make an obstacle avoiding robot using Arduino.

It is a popular Arduino robotic project. for avoiding a lot of wire connection, I have designed a PCB for it.

You can use a PCB or a dotted perfboard.

2WD Robot chassis with castor wheel.

Robot wheel for BO motor

150 Rpm BO geared motor & 1.5 inch bolt & nut

ultrasonic sensor holder

2 pcs. 9V battery & battery connector

L293D Ic & 16 pins Ic base

100mfd/25v capacitor 2 pcs 1K resistor, Led

Header pins, jumper wire ( male to female) terminal block 4pcs

HC-SR 04 ultrasonic sensor

Arduino nano

You can use a PCB or a dotted perfboard.

Insert two geared motor in robot chassis. i have used a 2wd metal chassis but you can use any chassis

insert one castor wheel in front of robot chassis.the mechanical part is completed of this robot

How it works

The ultrasonic sonic sensor detecting objects in front of it & measure the distance of the object.

In normal condition when there is no obstacle in front of the robot, Two motors are rotating clockwise & the robot goes straight forward.

If any object was detected within 20 cm by the ultrasonic sensor then the left motor will start to rotate anti-clockwise & right motor will rotate clockwise as it was.

So the robot turn left quickly if there is an object in front of it.

Circuit & connections if you are using a perfboard

Here I used an Arduino nano & L293D dual motor driver. Two capacitors as a filter. Led & 1k resistor for indication

Arduino digital pin 7 connect to the ultrasonic sensor trigger pin

Arduino digital pin 8 connect to the ultrasonic sensor Echo pin

Arduino digital pin 5 & 6 connect to Ic l293d pin 10 & 15 for the left motor control

Arduino digital pin 11 & 12 Connect to ic l293d pin 2 & 7 for the right motor control

Connect left motor to ic l293d pin 11&14

Connect the right motor to ic l293d Pin 3 & 6

If you want to make using PCB

the PCB for this robotic project Is well designed & easy for making. You can make different types of Arduino robot using this PCB. Another robot using this PCB

Download & order Gerber file for PCB from here.

Upload the code to arduino nano. here is the code link for download

just download .ino file & open it using arduino IDE.

connect arduino nano using USB cable, select proper com port

then click to upload

it is time to test the robot.

I have used a 9v battery for Arduino & another 9v battery for motor power.
For powering the motor it is good to use a rechargeable battery otherwise the 9 v battery can't run the robot long time.

This video may help you - https://youtu.be/bxEsiS6UBJM