Motion Detector Using 555 Timer and 4017 Chips

Connecting two 555 timers, two 4017 decade counters, and a distance sensor involves creating a circuit that can process the distance sensor's output and use it to control the counters and timers. Here’s a step-by-step guide to achieving this:

Two 555 timer ICs

Two 4017 decade counter ICs

Distance sensor

Resistors ( 10x )

capacitors (as per the 555 timer configuration)

Connecting wires

Breadboard

Arduino

Bi Color LED

Distance Sensor (HC-SR04):

VCC to 5V power supply

GND to ground

TRIG to a pin of a microcontroller or a 555 timer output

ECHO to a pin of a microcontroller or input to a 555 timer circuit

First 555 Timer (Astable Mode) for Triggering the Distance Sensor:

Connect pins 4 and 8 to VCC (5V).

Connect pin 1 to ground.

Connect pins 6 and 2 together and connect them to a resistor (R1) and a capacitor (C1) to ground.

Connect pin 7 to the junction of R1 and another resistor (R2).

Pin 3 (output) will be connected to the TRIG pin of the distance sensor.

Second 555 Timer (Monostable Mode) for Processing Echo Pulse:

Connect pins 4 and 8 to VCC (5V).

Connect pin 1 to ground.

Connect pins 6 and 7 together through a resistor (R3) and to pin 2 through a capacitor (C2).

Connect pin 2 to the ECHO pin of the distance sensor.

Pin 3 (output) will provide a pulse corresponding to the distance measurement.

First 4017 Counter:

• Connect pin 16 to VCC (5V) and pin 8 to ground.
• Connect pin 13 (Enable) to ground.
• Connect pin 15 (Reset) to ground for normal operation or to a control circuit if reset functionality is needed.
• Connect the clock input (pin 14) to the output of the second 555 timer.
• The outputs (Q0-Q9) will be connected to the Leds

Second 4017 Counter:

• Connect pin 16 to VCC (5V) and pin 8 to ground.
• Connect pin 13 (Enable) to ground.
• Connect pin 15 (Reset) to ground or a control circuit as needed.
• Connect the clock input (pin 14) to one of the outputs of the first 4017 counter if cascading or to another clock source if separate control is needed.
• The outputs (Q0-Q9) will be connected to the Leds

Bi - Color Led

• The shortest leg is to light up RED
• The longest leg is for the GROUND - connect ground through a resistor
• The medium leg is to light up GREEN

Connection

• Connect one row of Bi - Color to Monostable 4017 chip
• Connect another row of Bi - Color to Astable 4017 chip

Triggering the Distance Measurement:

• The first 555 timer generates periodic pulses to the TRIG pin of the distance sensor.

Reading the Distance Measurement:

• The ECHO pin of the distance sensor goes high for a duration proportional to the distance measured.
• This pulse is fed to the second 555 timer configured in monostable mode, which generates a pulse of fixed duration.

Driving the Counters:

• The output of the second 555 timer is connected to the clock input of the first 4017 counter.
• The first 4017 counter can drive the second 4017 counter or other parts of your circuit as required.

• Ensure all components are correctly rated for the voltage you are using.
• You may need to debounce the echo signal or smooth the clock pulses depending on your application requirements.
• For precise timing and measurements, consider using a microcontroller to process the sensor data and control the counters.

By following these steps, you should be able to connect and integrate the 555 timers, 4017 counters, and distance sensor effectively.