CNC 3D Food Printer

这是一台3D食物打印机，我们创作出此机器的想法是如果把食物作为3D打印的原材，制作出3D食物打印机会不会被人们认可呢？因为目前3D打印的材料主要有塑料，金属和陶泥。它们都有共同的特点，不可以食用，由此使它的广泛面收到了一定的限制。

这台机器我们能够做到除了可以创造出全新的有趣的食物，对一些老年人和病人来说，他们通常存在着咀嚼困难，导致食物营养不均衡的问题，利用这些技术可以为他们提供营养，全面，适合人体咀嚼吞咽的食物。以及，儿童，运动健身人士等不同人群都会有个性化的营养需求。本发明设计一种桌面式全自动3D食物打印机，解决不同人群对食物营养，造型和口感的不同要求。同时可实现食物打印的批量化生产，提高生产效率，具有重要的学术作用和使用价值，具有不可忽略的重要理论和应用上的意义。

3D食物打印设计过程是：先通过计算机三维建模软件进行建模，保存为STL格式，再将建立的三维模型导入简化3D软件中“分区”成逐层的截面，即进行切片处理，从而指导打印机逐层打印，规划打印路径。3D食物打印机打印过程是：打印机通过读取文件中的横向面信息，用液态粘稠稠状的材料将这些截面逐层地打印出来，再将各层截面依次粘合起来从而制造出一个实体。这种技术的特点在于其几乎可以造出任何形状的物品。

This is
a 3D food printer. The idea of creating this machine is that if the food is used as a raw material for 3D printing, will a 3D food printer be recognized? Because the current 3D printed materials are mainly plastic, metal and clay. They all have the same characteristics and are not edible, which has limited the popularity of it.

In addition to creating new and interesting foods for this machine, for some elderly people and patients, they often have problems with chewing difficulties and uneven nutrition of food. This technology can be used to provide them with A nutritious and suitable food for chewing. In addition, different groups such as children, sports and fitness people will have personalized nutritional needs. This project designed a desktop automatic 3D food printer to solve the different requirements of different people on food nutrition, shape and taste. At the same time, it can realize mass production of food printing, improve production efficiency, has important academic functions and use value, and has important theoretical and application significance that cannot be ignored.

The 3D food printing design process is: firstly modeling by computer 3D modeling software, saving it as STL format, and then importing the built 3D model into Simplify 3D software to “partition” into a layer-by-layer section, that is, to perform slice processing, thereby guiding The printer prints layer by layer and plans the print path. The 3D food printer printing process is: the printer prints the cross-section information layer by layer by reading the cross-sectional information in the document, and then sequentially laminating the cross-sections of the layers to create an entity. This technology is characterized in that it can produce almost any shape of the item.

Corn flour

一、整体架构

3D食物打印机主体、X轴步进电机、Y轴步进电机、Z轴步进电机、加热托盘、挤出模组。

挤出模组包括：步进电机、丝杠、储料罐以及外部框架。

食物打印机主体：长545mm，宽260mm，高175mm。

1. The overall
structure

3D food printer main body, X-axis stepping motor, Y-axis stepping motor, Z-axis stepping motor, heating tray, and extrusion module.

The extrusion module includes a stepping motor, a lead screw, a storage tank, and an outer frame.

Food
printer body: 545mm long, 260mm wide, 175mm high.

二、如何制作出挤出模组的制作过程

首先，挤出模组包括：步进电机、丝杠、尖头搅龙、储料罐以及外部框架。我们采用fusion360建模。

（1）储料罐的建模步骤

首先制作储料桶；制作储料桶的盖子，以便加料和防止材料污染；固定储料罐的套筒

（2）尖头搅龙的建模步骤

建立主体；搅龙旋转搅拌结构；尖头；它的渲染图

（3）整体框架图及渲染图

2. How to make
the extrusion module production process

First, the extrusion module includes: a stepper motor, a lead screw, a pointed auger, a storage tank, and an outer frame. We use fusion360 to model.

(1) Modeling steps of the storage tank

First make a storage bucket;Make a lid for the storage bin to feed and prevent material contamination;Fixed sleeve for storage tank

（2）Modeling steps for pointed auger

Establishing a subject;Auger rotary mixing structure;Pointed;Rendering diagram

（3）Overall frame and rendering

三、电机控制模组、切片软件以及Marlin固件

（1）电机控制模组包括：Ramps1.4、Arduino Mega2560固件模块。

我们通过Marlin固件程序控制整个食物打印机的工作。

首先，控制挤出模组中的步进电机Z轴来回运动带动尖头搅龙在储料罐进行搅拌，继而挤料。然后XYZ轴根据我们自己做的切片软件算法运行打印用户提交的stl格式文件进行打印。最后加热托盘保持一定的温度。

（2）切片软件

基本工作过程如下：在分层的时候，与切平面相交的三角面片建立拓扑信息结构，动态的形成与当前切平面结交的所有三角形面片的表，并对交点进行连接求得模型轮廓线。当切平面挪动至下一层时，要动态更新三角面片的表，将与切平面没有交点的三角形面片删除，将于三角面片新相交的三角面片添加到表中建立拓扑关系，重复求交点轮廓线的步骤。

（3）Marlin固件

Marilin固件是整个电路控制最重要的部分，在Configuration.h中根据你的打印机修改适配参数，如温度模块设定以及步进电机参数设置。

3. Motor control module, slicing software and Marlin firmware

(1) Motor control module includes: Ramps1.4, Arduino Mega2560 firmware
module.

We control the operation of the entire food printer through the Marlin firmware program.

First, the Z-axis of the stepping motor in the extrusion module is controlled to move back and forth to drive the tip auger to stir in the storage tank, and then to extrude. Then the XYZ axis is printed according to our own slicing software algorithm to print the sttl format file submitted by the user. Finally, the heating tray is kept at a certain temperature.

（2）Slicing software

The basic working process is as follows: when layering, the triangular patches intersecting the tangent plane establish a topological information structure, dynamically form a table of all triangular patches intersecting the current tangent plane, and connect the intersection points to obtain a model contour . When the tangent plane moves to the next layer, the table of the triangular patch is dynamically updated, the triangle patch that has no intersection with the tangent plane is deleted, and the newly intersected triangular patch of the triangular patch is added to the table to establish a topological relationship. Repeat the steps to find the intersection contour.

（3）Marlin firmware

Marilin firmware is the most important part of the overall circuit control. Modify the adaptation parameters according to your printer in Configuration.h, such as temperature module settings and stepper motor parameter settings.

四、3D食物打印机主体及其他

这一部分的建模并不是必要的，建模工作量很大，我们只需要挤出模组、电机控制模组、切片软件以及Marlin固件，主体框架你可以自行设计，配上以上四个模块即可。

4. 3D food printer main body and other

This part of the modeling is not necessary, modeling work is very large, we only need extrusion module, motor control module, slicing software and Marlin firmware, the main frame you can design, with the above four modules can.

五、组装与成果

完成以上步骤，我们购买相应材料，一些材料是通过3D打印得到的，如固定件等，最后组装好我们的3D食物打印机如下图

然后我们建立食品模型，传到我们的程序里，然后使用玉米粉进行打印。

以上，就是我们制作3D食物打印机模型的整个过程。

5. Assembly and results

After completing the above steps, we purchase the corresponding materials. Some materials are obtained by 3D printing, such as fixing parts. Finally, we assembled our 3D food printer as shown below.

Then we build a food model, pass it to our program, and print with corn flour.

The above is the whole process of making a 3D food printer model.

Fusion360是一款强大的建模软件，因为它可以采用联网模式共享你的建模文件，并且我们装配好一个完整的模型，储存在一个另一个文件中，它将保留我们建模过程的完整时间表。我们可以建立一个项目，建立自己的一个小组，然后在其中建立文件夹，然后将文件放入该文件夹中，我们将此共享，所有人都可进行观看以及改进模型。

为了方便大家更好的浏览我们的项目，我也提交了一份word文档供大家观看。

Fusion360 is a powerful modeling software because it can share your modeling files in a networked mode, and we assemble a complete model, stored in a separate file, which will preserve the integrity of our modeling process. schedule. We can build a project, build a team of our own, then create a folder in it, then put the file into that folder, we share it, everyone can watch it and improve the model.

In order to facilitate everyone to browse our projects, I also submitted a word document for everyone to watch.