Automatic Missile Defence System

Automatic Missile Defence System destroys aerial targets like aircraft, high-altitude ballistic missiles, and low-altitude cruise missiles.

Missile defense systems are really important for a nation like India which is surrounded by hostile neighbors.

A Surface to Air missile is a very high speed ( 2-4 times the speed of sound) missile that is used to engage aircraft and cruise missiles. It has excellent acceleration and a small warhead. It is usually guided by radar or Infrared.

Some of these missiles like RBS 70, Shtil, SM-2 can be used against surface targets as well. But They won't be very effective as their warhead is designed to destroy a delicate target like an airplane and not structures like buildings or armored vehicles like tanks.

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software.

It has different input /output pins of the microcontroller chip into digital input/output pins and analog input pins. Now, this board can be programmed using an awesome Arduino IDE (free to download).

Arduino comes in different shapes and sizes. some of the well-known Arduino's are...

1. Arduino UNO

2.Arduino nano

3.Arduino Pro mini

4.Arduino mega

Arduino is a great tool for developing interactive objects, taking inputs from a variety of switches or sensors, and controlling a lot of lights, motors, and other outputs like a buzzer. Arduino projects can be stand-alone or they can be connected to a computer using USB.
There are a variety of projects which can be made using Arduino, like remote control car, automation, and other embedded systems and IoT (Internet of things) based projects. If you are a beginner when it comes to making projects then arduino is really your cup of coffee.

A servo motor is an electrical device that can push or rotate an object with great precision.

If we want to rotate an object at some specific angles or distance, then we can use a servo motor.

Orange Wire - Signal Pin

Brown Wire -GND

Red Wire - Power supply

An ultrasonic sensor is used to measure distance by ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic sensor head emits an ultrasonic wave and receives the wave reflected back from the target object. It measures the distance to the target (object) by measuring the time between the emission(transmitter) and reception(receiver).

The Required formula: Distance = ½ T x CT

= Time between Transmitting and receiving of the sound wave.

where,

C = the speed of sound(340 m/s).

Insert the servo motor into the 3D printed parts.

Put screw along with servo motor in the 3D printed base parts.

Set the Servo motor angles based on the requirements.

This is the middle part of the Missile Launcher.

Place the servo Motor into the particular 3D printed slot.

Fix the screw along with the Servo motor.

Now Insert the Middle part of the missile launcher into the base of the base with the help of a screw.

Then tighten the screws along with base servo motor.

This is the third part of the Missile launcher. Again take the servo motor and place it in a particular slot and insert the screw.

Now three servo motors are fixed vertically with some angles.

Here Ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the person with some particular distance.

Fix the Ultrasonic sensor in the third part of the Servo motor.

In the third part of the servo motor, Two holes are there which are used to fix the missile on it. Two holes should be in the correct size otherwise nail become come out.

We can fix the Missile in the nail slot. The bottom of the missile is connected with the spring.

Export each component as an STL file, and send them to the Ultimaker Cura 3D printing software.

I used the following settings in the Creality Ender 3D printer.

Printer Nozzle Size: 1mm

Supports: enabled Retraction distance: 10 mm

Retraction retract speed: 60 mm/sec

Prime speed: 30 mm/sec

Z hop when retracted: enabled

Max Z speed: 120 mm/s

Z hop height: 1 mm

Travel speed: 200 mm/s

Layer height: 0.15 mm

Print temp initial layer: 200 Temperatures

Print Bed Temperature: 60 Temperatures

Main Printing Temperature: 180 Temperature (degrees) for main print t

empOverhang: 30 degrees

Brim: enabled support

Pattern: Grid Support

Placement: Touching build Plate Support

Overhanging angle: 45

All the other settings: default

Material: PLA Infill

Density: 10

Initial Layer height: 0.2

Servo Motor Connections:

Servo Motor -1

The red wire(positive terminal) of the Servo is connected to the 5V pin of the Arduino.

The black wire(Negative terminal) of the Servo motor is connected to the GND of the Arduino.

The Orange wire(Signal Pin) of the Servo motor is connected to the digital write pin(P5) of the Arduino.

Servo Motor - 2

The red wire(positive terminal) of the Servo is connected to the 5V pin of the Arduino.

The black wire(Negative terminal) of the Servo motor is connected to the GND of the Arduino.

The Orange wire(Signal Pin) of the Servo motor is connected to the digital write pin(P10) of the Arduino.

Servo Motor - 3
The red wire(positive terminal) of the Servo is connected to the 5V pin of the Arduino.

The black wire(Negative terminal) of the Servo motor is connected to the GND of the Arduino.

The Orange wire(Signal Pin) of the Servo motor is connected to the digital write pin(P10) of the Arduino.

Ultrasonic Connection:

VCC - Connected to the 5 V of the Arduino

Echo - It is an output pin. This pin goes high for a period of time which will be equal to the time taken for the ultrasonic wave to return back to the sensor. Echo pin of the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the digital pin(2) of the Arduino.

Trigger - It is an input pin. This pin has to be kept high for 10us to initialize measurement by sending ultrasonic waves. The trigger pin of the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the digital pin(3)of the Arduino.

GND - connected to the GND of the Arduino.