ARS - Arduino Rubik Solver

ARS is a complete system to solve Rubik's cube: yes, another robot to solve the cube!

ARS is a three years long school project made with 3D printed parts and laser cut structures: an Arduino receives the correct sequence generated by an home made software, ARS Studio, through USB port, then moves forward and backward six stepper motors till the end.

ARS is based on great mr. Kociemba algorithm: as told on his website, Herbert Kociemba is a German cuber from Darmstadt, Germany who invented this algorithm in 1992 in order to find near optimal solutions to 3x3 cube, improving on the Thistlethwaite Algorithm.

In this Instructable instructions will be explained about building robot structure, and using the open source software developed to generate the proper sequence needed to solve the cube using Kociemba's algorithm.

More infos on Kociemba and his work:

• about algorithm

• about God's number, the number of moves an algorithm would take in the worst case to solve the cube. At long last, God's Number has been shown to be 20 by Kociemba and his friends
• an interview to Herbert Kociemba
• info about Kociemba's software, from whis ARS Studio comes from

Following steps will deal on mechanical structure and software use.

You will need:

• 4x shaft 8x572mm
• 2x pulley shaft 8x80mm
• 8x threaded bar 6x67mm
• 8x threaded bar 6x122mm
• 7x 40x40x10 DC Fan
• 32x hex bolt grade ab_iso M4x25x14
• 32x hex nut style M4
• GT2 timing belt 2m
• 1x breadboard
• 32x nut M6 blind
• 16x bearing LM8UU 8x15x24
• 54x screw M4 x 7.5mm
• 54x washer 4.5x9x1mm
• 32x screw M3x15mm
• 1x arduino UNO
• 6x NEMA 17 stepper motors
• 6x A4988 Pololu drivers
• 12V power supply: a simple ATX from an old computer is good

Materials, drawings and software are here:

• ARS drawings
• ARS Studio software
• Arduino sketch

ARS robot is made of some parts and components, assembled together in order make it possible to slide forwardand backward two carriages with four stepper motors.

First part is the simplest: an Arduino box where you will position Arduino UNO, the breadboard and A4988 Pololu drivers

Upper motor box contain the carriage slider motor. Carriage is moved with a GT2 timing belt.

Each carriage and his connected motor is independent from other motors.

Lower motor box contain the lower carriage slider motor. Also this carriage is moved with a GT2 timing belt.
Two level sliding carriages permit a simpler structure than others seen in Maker Faires.

Upper and lower carriages supports bring the motors connected to claws moving forward and backward the cube.

These support are similar, differencing only on overall height in order to have two slider levels.

A roof tower has been added to be able to mount a simple webcam for future improvements.

ARS Studio is an Open Souce Software able generate the correct sequence to solve your Rubik Cube with Kociemba's algorithm in less than 25 moves (better, in God's number max moves!).

https://github.com/Mihai-Canea/Ars-Project

An english version is on the go!

Clone the repository, the go to: ARS Studio\ARS Studio\bin\Debug and launch Ars Studio.exe

Cube need to be filled by colors, as they appear in reality: an automated version is under construction, it will be totally autonomous. By now you have to describe the cube to the software.

So follow these 3 steps:

1. choose one color from the palett
2. fill the cube
3. click on "Risolvi" (italian for "Solve")

Your sequence is ready!

Now click on "Stringi pinze" (italian for "Close claws"), then "INVIA" ( = "GO").

The sequence will be sent to Arduino which will move steppers according to sequence.

Arduino sketch is as long as simple.

Arduino receive the sequence from USB computer port and read it from the serial monitor.
The steppers require 12v to works, it need a power supply. It requires two magnetic sensor to works well. They are under the motor supports, one for each disections. When connecting the stepper motors to A4988 drivers and Arduino UNO pins pay attention to direction.

Sequence commands are:

a = stepper 1 rotate for 90°

b = stepper 1 rotate for -90°

c = stepper 2 rotate for 90°

d = stepper 2 rotate for -90°

e = stepper 3 rotate for 90°

f = stepper 3 rotate for -90°

g = stepper 4 rotate for 90°

h = stepper 4 rotate for -90°

i = stepper 5 open steppers 1 and 3

j = stepper 5 close steppers 1 and 3

k = stepper 6 open steppers 2 and 4

l = stepper 6 close steppers 2 and 4

m = steppers 1 and 3 rotate to 90° together in the same way

n = steppers 1 and 3 rotate to -90° together in the same way

o = steppers 2 and 4 rotate to 90° together in the same way

p = steppers 2 and 4 rotate to -90° together in the same way

ARS Arduino Rubik Solver won 1st prize in italian Olympics Problem Solving Games in 2018.

ARS Arduino Rubik Solver won a Maker of Merit at Maker Faire Rome in 2017.

Many thanks to my students Paolo Grosso and Alberto Vignolo who tenaciously this project, to Mihai Canea and Giorgio Spinoni who improved software, to Josef Costamagna who started an incoming web version, to Alberto Bertola and Edgard Kazimirowicz who perfected mechanics.

Next step: controlling ARS from wherever in the world, so that everyone can play with it.

We need to improve colors recognition while web server is on the go, as you can see in the video.

Stay tuned!