3D-360° Moving Arm With Weighted Base & Electromagnet Attachment

In this project, a significant accomplishment has been the successful creation of a 3D-printed compound part that facilitates the free rotation of two servos positioned closely to each other. This intricate component showcases the precision and versatility achieved through 3D printing technology. Additionally, a purpose-designed bottom box has been crafted to house the Arduino unit and the primary power supply, ensuring a streamlined and organized setup. The exploration has extended to experimenting with a 3D-printed lattice structure, demonstrating a commitment to innovative design solutions. Furthermore, a functional electromagnet has been developed using copper wire and powered by approximately 24 volts, showcasing the integration of diverse technologies and materials in the project. These achievements collectively reflect a multidimensional and hands-on approach, highlighting the successful integration of mechanical, electronic, and 3D printing elements in the overall endeavor.

Software Needed

1. Fusion 360
2. Blender
3. Creality Print
4. Cura
5. Adobe Illustrator
6. Google

Tools Needed

1. 3D Printer
2. Laser Cutter
3. Sauter
4. Drill
5. Power Supply
6. Computer

Parts & Materials Needed

1. PLA
2. MDF
3. Plastic Covered Copper Wire
4. Hot Glue
5. Super Glue
6. Tin
7. Wood Glue
8. Screws
9. Bot Kit
10. 6AA Battery Holder
11. 9V Heavy Duty Battery Snap
12. HM-10/AT09 Bluetooth Module
13. Motor/Wheel Combination (x2)
14. L298 Motor Driver Module
15. 9g Servo (x2)
16. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
17. Mini Breadboard
18. Arduino Sensor Shield v5
19. Jumper Wires, Female/Female 4-wide (x3)
20. Jumper Wires, Male/Female 4-wide (x2)
21. M3x12mm Screws (10/pk x3)
22. M3x08mm Screws (10/pk x3)
23. M3x06mm Screws (10/pk x3)
24. M1.4x06mm Threading Screws (8/pk)
25. 2.5mm Hex Allen Key Wrench (x4)
26. 4- Tip Combination Phillips/Slot Screwdriver
27. 3mm LED Assortment (10/pk)
28. 330 resistors (Org/Org/Brn, x10)
29. 22AWG Wire bundle
30. Switch (DPDT)
31. CdS PhotoSensor

In this particular project, the creation of an electromagnet involved utilizing a simple yet effective design. The process began by selecting a sturdy bolt as the core of the electromagnet. Subsequently, a considerable length of insulated copper wire was wound tightly around the bolt, forming multiple coils. This winding process is crucial for inducing a magnetic field when an electric current passes through the wire. The ends of the copper wire were connected to a power supply, providing the necessary voltage—around 24 volts in this case. Once energized, the electromagnet demonstrated its magnetic properties, effectively attracting and holding up paperclips due to the generated magnetic field. This hands-on approach showcases a practical and accessible method for constructing an electromagnet using readily available materials and a power supply, offering a tangible demonstration of electromagnetic principles in action.

Steps

The first step in this design process involves creating the bottom part, which must accommodate three distinct components and include two screw holes. Precision is crucial here, as each part needs to be meticulously sized and structured to not only hold the designated components securely but also to provide a suitable attachment point for a servo. Additionally, the design should facilitate the connection of two parts to accommodate the subsequent servo.

Moving on to the middle T-shaped bracket, its significance lies in its ability to both hold and support the next flat part, which in turn secures the connector for the second servo. Ensuring structural integrity, the T-shaped bracket must feature a screw hole to fasten the flat part securely. The intricacies of this component are vital, as it plays a central role in the stability of the overall structure.

The third step involves crafting a bracket to secure the second servo precisely, aligning it with the T-shaped bracket. This bracket must allow for rotation, enabling the flat part to be maneuvered by the servo's power. Again, two appropriately sized screw holes are essential for optimal performance.

Next in line is the creation of a small box designed to support the servo. Given the dynamic movement of the servo, the box's purpose is to stabilize it, especially when subjected to varying weights. This component plays a critical role in ensuring the smooth operation of the entire system.

Finally, the top flat component serves as the linchpin, connecting and consolidating all the preceding parts. This top piece must not only secure the various components together but also provide a stable foundation for the next segment of the arm. Incorporated into its design are specific features, such as a flat surface for drilling holes to support screws and a slight angle to seamlessly connect with both the T-shaped bracket and the servo bracket.

In essence, this step-by-step design process demonstrates a thoughtful and systematic approach to creating a structure that is not only functional but also robust and reliable in supporting the intended servo-powered arm mechanism.

ALL PHOTOS CAN BE FOUND HERE

First Attempt: Testing Size and Shape

The initial step involved creating a prototype to evaluate the size and shape of the middle insert designed to hold the servo. This phase was needed to see how well the component integrated into the overall structure. Testing at this stage allowed me to assess factors like fit, alignment, and compatibility with the other parts.

Second Attempt: Refining Design Features

Based from the first attempt, the second iteration focused on refining specific design features. This included rounding the corners for improvements, perfecting the sides for functionality, and adjusting the height of the pins to ensure a secure fit within the chassis of the arm. These modifications addressed practical considerations but also contributed to the overall design.

Third Attempt: Pin Placement and Servo Attachment

The third iteration. Here, attention was given to fixing the pin placement issues identified in the previous attempt. Adjustments were likely made to ensure precise alignment and effective interaction with the main base so that it can spin niucly. Furthermore, modifications were implemented in the middle dugout part, specifically to optimize the attachment of the servo to this component. This phase involved intricate adjustments to achieve a balance between structural integrity.

Fusion 360 and Design Iterations

This software help with workflow by allowing me to create, visualize, and modify the 3D models. The iterative nature of the process, with multiple files created and tested.

Testing and Validation

The physical testing of each design iteration is invaluable for confirming the theoretical design's practical viability. This hands-on approach enables me to to identify structural weaknesses or misalignments, and subsequently refine the design for improved performance.

Adobe Illustrator for your project involved several iterations. Here are the main improvements made during the four attempts:

Second Attempt: Adding Design Elements

A simplistic design was made on the top. This step involved not only refining the structural aspects but also introducing aesthetic elements to enhance the visual appeal of the box.

Precision and Cutout for Arduino

This main attempt was for creating a cutout in the top middle for the Base 3D Part indicates consideration for integrating the Arduino into the design. This cutout serves a functional purpose by providing a housing for the main Arduino and coding and additional work while neatly managing the wires that connect to the servos.

Iterative Refinements

This iteration involved fine-tuning various elements, adjusting proportions, and ensuring that the box not only met its functional requirements but also looked visually appealing. The iterative refinements likely addressed any issues or imperfections identified in the previous versions.

Adobe Illustrator and Design Precision

Illustrator allows for meticulous control over shapes, lines, and details, enabling you to craft a design that aligns with your vision. That tend to help me with my main design and my main propriety.

In summary, Adobe Illustrator showcase a methodical design process, from establishing the basic structure to refining details and achieving a balance between functionality and aesthetics. The iterative nature of the design process ensures that each version builds upon the lessons learned from the previous one, resulting in a well-crafted and visually pleasing box for your servo-powered bot.

Here are my main steps that I have used and learned about during my reading and also my video watching.

Add a Basic Object:

Begin by adding a basic object that will serve as the base for your lattice. This could be a cube, sphere, or any shape you prefer.

Edit Mode and Mesh Editing:

Enter Edit Mode to manipulate the geometry of the base object.

Use tools like extrusion, scaling, and rotation to shape the base object into the initial form of your lattice.

Add a Lattice Modifier:

Utilize Blender's lattice modifier to deform and structure the mesh.

Create a lattice object and adjust its dimensions to encompass your base object.

Fine-Tune Lattice Structure:

Enter the lattice object into Edit Mode to adjust its structure.

Manipulate lattice points, edges, and faces to achieve the desired lattice pattern. Experiment with different configurations.

Subdivision Surface Modifier:

Apply a subdivision surface modifier to smoothen the lattice's appearance.

Adjust the subdivision levels based on your design preferences.

Refinement and Detailing:

Continue refining the lattice structure by focusing on the details.

Add additional features, intricate patterns, or variations to enhance the overall aesthetic.

Export as STL:

Once satisfied with the design, export the lattice as an STL file, a common format for 3D printing.

Check for Printability:

Use 3D printing software to import the STL file and check for potential issues like overhangs, gaps, or structural concerns.

Make necessary adjustments to ensure the lattice is printable.

3D Printing:

Load the finalized STL file into your 3D printer software.

Configure printing settings, including layer height and infill, based on the characteristics of your lattice.

Print and Evaluate:

Initiate the 3D printing process and monitor for any issues during printing.

Once printed, assess the lattice for structural integrity and overall quality.

Coding:

The coding aspect involves a preset code provided in the D2L Google Drive, with subsequent modifications to accommodate the integration of three servos. This process indicates a proficiency in programming and a solid understanding of the codebase. Adjustments likely involved specifying the control parameters for each servo, ensuring coordinated movement. The ability to manipulate the code for your specific project showcases my use of the computer science 20-1 and 10-1 use.

Soldering:

Soldering is a crucial skill in electronics and robotics, I have been learning and practicing this. The process involves melting solder to join electrical components, ensuring a secure and reliable connection. The emphasis on practicing before applying the technique to the main wires and parts reveals a disciplined approach to mastering the skill. The use of heat shrink tubing as a precaution against short circuits further highlights your attention to detail and commitment to producing a high-quality, reliable product.

Wiring:

The wiring phase involves connecting various components, including three servos, a touch sensor, a Bluetooth connector, and a battery pack. This intricate web of connections requires a systematic and organized approach to prevent confusion and ensure proper functionality. The inclusion of a touch sensor indicates an interactive element, and integrating a Bluetooth connector suggests a wireless control capability, both of which enhance the versatility and user-friendliness of the project. The use of a small battery pack to power all necessary components showcases efficiency and consideration of power requirements.

Base Structure and Wiring:

The base serves as the foundation project, the meticulous arrangement of wires from the servos and other components down the arm suggests a thoughtful approach to cable management. This not only enhances the aesthetics of the project but also contributes to the overall safety and reliability by preventing wire entanglement or damage during operation.

3D Printed Lattice Arms:

The decision to use 3D printed lattice for the arms brings a unique combination of lightweight construction and structural strength. Lattices, often known for their high strength-to-weight ratio, not only contribute to the project's aesthetics but also make the arms durable. The lattice structure, akin to a cast, adds an interesting visual dimension to the project while ensuring that the arms can withstand various stresses and movements.

Two-Part Servo Mechanism:

The incorporation of a two-part servo mechanism connecting two lattice segments suggests a sophisticated design for controlled and smooth rotation. Ensures precise movement and coordination between the lattice segments.

Electromagnet with Power Supply:

The addition of an electromagnet at the top of the arm, powered by a 24-volt supply, introduces a compelling functionality to your project. This electromagnet can be a tool for manipulating metal objects, the higher voltage implies a magnetic force, enabling efficient movement and control of metallic materials.

Touch Sensor for Control:

The inclusion of a touch sensor to turn on and off the electromagnet adds a user-friendly interface to your project.

This Is what I hope to do next year.

Thanks for a great class 2023!